By Nathaniel E. Carampatana
Negros Island, the fourth largest in the Philippines, is a place of both abundant natural beauty and evident socio-economic challenges. Surrounded by rich biodiversity and fertile lands, the island is also home to communities vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Yet, despite these challenges, an opportunity lies at the very heart of the island—its vast potential for renewable energy.
As we confront the urgent need to reduce carbon emissions and transition to sustainable energy sources, Negros Island demonstrates how integrating geothermal power can not only mitigate the effects of climate change but also bring growth and development to the region.
Paradox of Abundance
Negros Island’s potential for renewable energy is nothing short of remarkable. With its vast geothermal resources and power capabilities, the island could easily meet its energy needs and contribute significantly to the national grid. However, Philippine Journalist Ryan Sorote highlighted in his article titled, “The irony of Negros Island’s abundant renewable energy,” there is a striking irony in this abundance.
Despite its potential, many communities on the island still face energy insecurity, worsened by the impacts of climate change such as extreme weather events and rising sea levels. This paradox demonstrates a broader struggle—translating the island’s natural wealth into tangible benefits for its people.
Nanette Guadalquiver of the Philippine News Agency also reported last March 20, 2024, that the province of Negros Oriental, for example, has been at the forefront of efforts to harness this potential. Recent developments indicate a growing momentum toward expanding green energy sources, with local governments actively pursuing policies to increase the share of renewables in the energy mix.
The declaration of Renewable Energy Day in Negros Oriental is a symbolic and powerful affirmation of Negros’ commitment to a sustainable future.
Battle Between Coal and Renewables
The transition to renewable energy on Negros Island has not been without its challenges. Historically, the Philippines has relied heavily on coal for its energy needs. That legacy has been difficult to shake.
The power sector in Negros has been an example of the national struggle between the established interests of the coal industry and the growing push for renewables. According to the September 2020 report of the Center for Energy, Ecology, and Development, despite Negros’ abundant geothermal resources, there has been significant resistance from those who benefit from the status quo. As of 2020, approximately 59% of the power contracted by Negros’ electric cooperatives is generated from burning coal, while 14% is produced through burning diesel.
This resistance is not just economic but also political. The development of renewable energy infrastructure often faces administrative hurdles and opposition from special interests. Yet, the tide is turning.
In an article written by The Freeman titled, “EDC leads the way towards Negros’ regenerative future,” Energy Development Corporation (EDC), a key player in the island’s energy landscape, has been instrumental in advancing renewable projects, particularly geothermal energy. EDC’s efforts have not only increased the Negros’ renewable energy capacity but also set an example for other regions in the Philippines.
The Backbone of Negros’ Green Future
Geothermal energy has long been the backbone of Negros Island’s renewable energy sector. Its geothermal plants, particularly those operated by the EDC, are among the most significant contributors to the region’s energy supply. These plants harness the earth’s natural heat, providing a reliable and sustainable source of power that is crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
However, maintaining and expanding this geothermal capacity requires continuous investment and innovation. As the global energy landscape shifts towards more diverse renewable sources, Negros must also adapt.
There is a need to modernize existing geothermal facilities and explore new sites to ensure this resource remains a cornerstone of the island’s energy strategy.
A Model for the Philippines and Beyond
Negros Island’s journey towards renewable energy is not just a local story; it has broader implications for the Philippines and the world. As a developing country facing the impacts of climate change, the Philippines must find ways to transition to a low-carbon economy while ensuring economic growth and social equity. Negros Island, with its abundant renewable resources, can serve as a model for other regions in the country.
Santi Pratiwi and Nataly Juerges stated in their study of the impact of renewable energy development on the environment and nature conservation in Southeast Asia that the success of Negros Island in harnessing its renewable energy potential could also inspire other developing nations facing similar challenges. It demonstrates that with the right policies, investments, and community engagement, it is possible to achieve sustainable development that benefits both people and the planet.
Negros Island stands at a critical moment in its history. The choices made today regarding energy development will impact its future. By fully embracing its renewable energy potential, Negros can mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce energy poverty, and drive sustainable economic growth. The journey will not be easy, but the rewards—a greener, more resilient, and prosperous future—are well worth the effort.
As the world watches, Negros Island has the opportunity to lead by example, showing that even in the face of challenges, a brighter, more sustainable future is within reach.